• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a sprayer of the type comprising a turbine that generates a flow of air that is conducted through a main nozzle to a distributor from which, through some ports, the air flow is conducted to a plurality of secondary nozzles directing the flow of air towards the outside, leading it to meet the product mixture dosed by nozzles that are the area of influence of the outgoing air stream, the characteristic of the invention being that the flow rate of air of the secondary nozzles is adjustable through closing elements that act in a coordinated manner with at least one spillway in such a way that the maintenance of a constant pressure inside the air ducts is favored, avoiding returns of air flow towards the turbine that could alter the working conditions provided for the equipment. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2624178A1
    申请号:ES201630019
    申请日:2016-01-12
    公开日:2017-07-13
    发明作者:Federico PÉREZ SALVADOR；Lars Torsten Berger
    申请人:Pulverizadores Fede SL；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

      PERFECTED MULTISALIDE SPRAYER
    The invention relates to a sprayer of the type comprising a turbine that generates an air flow that is conducted through a main nozzle to a distributor from which, through some ports, the air flow is conducted towards a plurality of secondary nozzles that direct the air flow outwards leading it to meet the product mixture dosed by nozzles that are the area of influence of the outgoing air stream, the characteristic of the invention being that the flow rate of air from the secondary nozzles is adjustable through opening and closing means that act in a coordinated manner with at least one spillway in such a way that the maintenance of a constant pressure inside the air ducts is favored avoiding flow returns of air towards the turbine that could alter the expected working conditions for the equipment.
    The sector of the technique to which it belongs is that of sprayers and agricultural machinery. BACKGROUND
    Sprays comprising a turbine are known and widely used, which, through some nozzles, distributes the air flow at different points generating different spray zones which allows to act on the crop from different positions favoring the application of the treatment.
    Examples of this type of sprayer can be found in the French patent FR2727829, where a turbine generates an air flow that leads to a box with a plurality of ports from which the secondary nozzles start.
    Also French patent FR2887119 refers to a sprayer with multiple ports and outputs at different heights.
    There is no mention in any of the patents mentioned that there is an air flow control in the ports, in the secondary nozzles or outlets, or in the possibility of opening or closing them.
    Another of the antecedents is the patent EP1810568 referring to a sprayer with a multitude of ports at different heights where it comprises a baffle that divides the distributor into two, so that depending on the position taken by said baffle the air will reach all ports or only those in the area of the distributor to which the air flow is redirected.
    More recent is the patent EP2193709 referring to a sprayer in which the way to avoid the existence of an excess of air inside the sprayer is specified in regulating the flow of air generated, using a circular closure that limits the entry of air in the suction channel that feeds the turbine.
    However, the flow of air generated is not always directly proportional to the greater or lesser opening of the suction channel since the limitation of the suction channel can lead to the creation of a vacuum that alters the expected operating conditions for the turbine and can be derived overexertion, material fatigue or increased consumption among other consequences.
    Thus we find that if to control the outgoing flow, the air outlet is closed, totally or partially, and the inlet is not modified, then there is an uncontrolled return of air that affects both the control of the outgoing flow and the sprayer because it is forced to work in conditions and to make efforts that are not adequate.
    If, as an alternative, what is done is to limit the entry of air by reducing the suction channel of the turbine, a vacuum is generated that harms the sprayer because it does not operate in the conditions for which it was designed. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    To overcome the problems set forth, the invention relates to a sprayer comprising a turbine, a main nozzle, a distributor, a plurality of ports from which a plurality of secondary nozzles split through which the air flow is directed outwards. dragging in its path the product to be dosed contributed to the air flow by some nozzles existing in the zone of influence of the air flow where the air flow that flows through the secondary nozzles is adjustable by means of closing elements that act as in a coordinated manner with one or more spillways that also comprise an opening and closing mechanism, said spillways being arranged between the turbine and the closing elements of the secondary nozzles.
    Although there may be a plurality of spillways, in this report the term spillway will be used, in the singular, which includes the existence of one or more.
    Similarly, throughout the report we are going to refer to a shared spillway in the case of a spillway related to a plurality of secondary nozzles and a particular spillway in the case of a spillway related only to a secondary nozzle.
    When it is not completed, the term spillway should be understood as comprehensive of both types of spillway, both shared and private.
    The sprayer, in an alternative embodiment, may include means for varying the air flow rate either by varying the speed of rotation of the turbine or by varying the arrangement of the turbine blades, in which case these means will act in a coordinated manner with the opening and closing mechanisms of the secondary nozzles as well as with the spillway.
    To this end the sprayer comprises:
    one. A turbine that, in an alternative execution, can be adjustable.
    2. A main nozzle that drives the air flow generated by the turbine to a distributor.
    3. A distributor with a plurality of ports.
    Four. A plurality of secondary nozzles associated with said ports.
    5. Sealing elements of the secondary nozzles, which are adjustable intended to vary the air passage area of the secondary nozzles.
    6. Means to combine the opening or closing of more than one nozzle at a time.
    7. At least one spillway disposed at a point in the air path between the turbine and the closing elements of the secondary nozzles.
    8. Means to control the opening or closing of the spillway.
    9. Means to coordinate the opening or closing of the spillway with the opening or closing of the secondary nozzles.
    Thus the sprayer will generate air flow thanks to the turbine, said flow being driven by a main nozzle towards a distributor.
    According to the proposed sprayer, the user can determine which secondary nozzles are going to be closed and which are regulated.
    It will be understood that a secondary nozzle is closed when there is no air flow through it or at least no air flow that allows spraying, and it will be understood as regulated the secondary nozzle that, because it is open at least partially, allows the passage of air flow that allows spraying, and said opening can be varied.
    The closing elements of the nozzles comprise mobility elements and sealing elements. The mobility elements, such as pistons or other actuators, act on the sealing elements, such as doors or diaphragms among others.
    With the term pistons of the secondary nozzles, we will refer to the mobility elements of the secondary nozzles, whatever they are.
    With the term sealing elements of the secondary nozzles we will include the doors, diaphragms or any other suitable device to vary the air passage area of the secondary nozzles.
    Depending on the number of pistons, combinations or other secondary nozzles are allowed. Thus, for example, in a single piston system, the closing elements of all the secondary nozzles will act at the same time.
    In the case of two pistons, two sets of secondary nozzles will be formed, and the regulation of one set can vary with respect to the other. Thus, for example, if each piston acts on the nozzles on one side of the system, all secondary nozzles on one side of the sprayer could be closed leaving all secondary nozzles on the opposite side regulated.
    Another possible execution is that in which there is a piston for each secondary nozzle, allowing in that case to regulate or individually close each of the secondary nozzles.
    In short, any combination is possible depending on the number of pistons that the equipment comprises, hence the convenience of having one or more spillways capable of diverting the return air from the secondary nozzles to the outside.
    It is not ruled out, as an embodiment, that the closure elements of the secondary nozzles, are located at a point along the secondary nozzles and not necessarily at the entrance of these or in the ports, and that each secondary nozzle or at least some of them, have their respective spillway, which we call a particular spillway, in which case it would be possible to carry out a way in which the closing elements of the secondary nozzles and the opening and closing mechanisms of the particular spillway share elements or even that the same device, by its geometry, closed the nozzle when opening the particular spillway or the other way around.
    The regulation or closing of secondary nozzles is important to obtain a control of the outgoing flow in each case and, in addition, it is a way to avoid spraying or throwing air over areas where there is no crop, with the consequent control by the user.
    Also to perform the treatment with the amount of air appropriate to the phenological state of the crop, which varies in size and therefore, the demand for air for proper application, avoiding both the drift of product in the environment and unnecessary consumption of power in different applications.
    By regulating or closing one or more secondary nozzles it is impossible for the air flow to go outside in the same way that it does when all the nozzles are regulated and opened completely, which causes the pressure inside the sprayer to increase and the rejected air, the one that can not leave, look for other exits going back towards the main nozzle where it meets the flow of air generated by the turbine, impeding the passage of this.
    The situation worsens if the rejection air reaches the turbine.
    The equipment is designed to work in conditions of production of air and liquid under pressure with a determined power consumption, all the components being arranged to mechanically support this work for a long time, which can be seen diminished by any overexertion generated by overloads of pressure by closing of the different nozzles, diminishing their area of exit of air. With this system we can constantly maintain the working conditions for which this equipment is designed and arranged.
    In order to avoid the overloading of the spray elements and their forced action, in a coordinated manner with the regulation or closing of the secondary nozzles, an opening or closing mechanism of at least one spillway disposed at a point of the incoming air flow path operates. to the turbine and the closing elements of the secondary nozzles.
    This opening or closing mechanism of the spillway can be of the type that obstructs or releases the passage leaving an opening of the spillway recess calculated to dislodge the rejection air during the spraying operation, or a valve type mechanism that yields to certain pressure releasing the rejection air until the internal pressure of the sprayer is stabilized.
    The coordinated action of all the elements of the system can be carried out by a processor and a process for determining the adequate air flow in each case, which then calculates for that air flow the positions that each of the elements must adopt. of closing of the nozzles as well as the spillway.
    As explained above, it is possible to help avoid these effects by varying the air flow generated by the turbine which can be done if the sprayer comprises an adjustable flow turbine.
    The regulation of the air flow generated by the turbine can be given by the variation of the rotation speed or by the variation of the position of the turbine blades. For the variation of the speed of rotation there are various means such as a gearbox or a regulator in case of being an electric turbine, and for the variation of the position of the blades there are also various systems in the market as well as varied literature of patents
    If the sprayer comprises an adjustable turbine, it must act in a coordinated manner both with the closing elements of the secondary nozzles and with the spillway.
    In an alternative execution, there would be a particular spillway in each secondary nozzle. For this, the closing elements of the secondary nozzles would be found at any point of these and, the particular spillway of each nozzle, at a point between the corresponding port and such closing elements, it may be that the opening and closing mechanisms of the particular spillway are in turn the closure elements of the secondary nozzle in which case they will be called a common flow regulation element, being associated with the particular spillway and the secondary nozzle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    FIGURE 1 shows, in diagram, the basic elements of the sprayer and thus we find the turbine (1) arranged in this case on the back of a tank trailer (2) although it can also be arranged on the back of a tractor, the main nozzle (3), the distributor (4), the spillway, in this case shared spillway (5) with the opening and closing mechanism of the shared spillway (6), the ports (7) and the secondary nozzles (8) .
    FIGURE 2 shows in schematic an alternative of execution in which a secondary nozzle (8) that incorporates its own particular spillway (9) is represented at three different times and in which the sealing element of the secondary nozzle is both the closing mechanism of the particular spillway and we will call it a common element of flow regulation (10). For greater clarity this secondary nozzle is shown at three different times, being that in the first moment (12) the particular spillway (9) is completely closed by flowing the air flow, represented by arrows, through the interior of the secondary nozzle (8), while in the second moment (13) the common flow regulation element (10) is partially displaced allowing the air flow, represented by arrows, to circulate partly through the secondary nozzle (8) and in part goes outside by the particular spillway (9), and at the third moment (11), the common flow regulation element (10) is completely displaced by sealing the secondary nozzle
    (8) preventing the flow of air, represented by arrows, circulating through the secondary nozzle
    (8) going outside by the particular spillway (9). DESCRIPTION OF A MODE OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
    A way of carrying out the invention is described herein which is not unique or limiting but merely explanatory.
    The invention relates to a multi-outlet sprayer, that is, multiple spray nozzles, which we have called secondary nozzles (8).
    It is desirable to be able to control the flow of air exiting the nozzles or even to be able to close some or some of them by closing their air passage, which is achieved with closing elements arranged, in this execution, in the ports (7) to those associated with the secondary nozzles.
    Such closure elements comprise a piston acting on a door that completely or partially seals the air passage area of the secondary nozzles. In the embodiment described there is a piston for each secondary nozzle.
    The total or partial closure of some or some nozzles generates reflux due to the flow of air that cannot flow through them, increasing the pressure inside the sprayer because the turbine (1) continues to blow air into the main nozzle (3), air that arrives to the distributor (4).
    In the distributor (4) there is a shared spillway (5) with adjustable opening by means of a spillway opening and closing mechanism (6).
    The opening and closing mechanism of the spillway (6) acts in a coordinated manner with the closing elements of the secondary nozzles arranged, in this embodiment, in the ports
    (7) for which the sprayer has an electronic element that governs both calculating that the free opening in the spillway allows the flow of air rejected by the total or partial closures of the secondary nozzles.
    A device like the one described above includes:
    one. A turbine (1), which in this case is of constant flow but that could be of adjustable flow.
    2. A main nozzle (3) that conducts the air generated by the turbine to a distributor.
    3. A distributor (4).
    Four. A series of ports (7) associated with as many secondary nozzles (8).
    5. A series of closure elements of the secondary nozzles.
    6. Means for controlling the air flow inside the sprayer comprising:
    to. A shared spillway (5) arranged in the distributor (4)
    b. Opening and closing mechanism of the spillway (6).
    C. Means for coordinating the closing elements of the secondary nozzles with the opening and closing mechanisms of the spillway.
    In an embodiment where the turbine is adjustable to control the air flow, either by varying the rotation speed or by varying the position of the blades, the sprayer will comprise means to coordinate the air flow generated by the turbine, the closing elements of the secondary nozzles and the opening or closing mechanism of the spillway.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1]
    1.-PERFECTED MULTISALIDE SPRAYER of the type comprising a turbine, a main nozzle that channels the air generated by the turbine to a distributor connected to a plurality of ports associated with secondary nozzles that direct the air flow outwards, dragging at its exit the product to be sprayed dosed by a series of nozzles arranged in the area of influence of the air stream characterized by that:
    Understands:
    one. Closing elements to regulate the air flow in the secondary nozzles.
    [2]
    2. Means for controlling the air flow inside the sprayer which in turn comprises:
    to. At least one spillway disposed at a point between the turbine and the closure elements of the secondary nozzles.
    b. Opening and closing mechanisms of the spillway.
    C. Means for coordinating the closing elements of the secondary nozzles with the opening and closing mechanisms of the spillway.
    d. Means for controlling the speed of rotation of the turbine either to keep it constant or to vary it.
    [2]
    2.-PERFECTED MULTISALIDE SPRAYER according to claim 1 characterized in that the turbine has a variable rotation speed comprising a gearbox.
    [3]
    3.-PERFECTED MULTISALIDE SPRAYER according to claim 1 characterized in that the turbine is electric and of variable rotation speed comprising a power controller.
    [4]
    4.-PERFECTED MULTISALIDE SPRAYER according to claim 1 characterized in that the turbine comprises means for modifying the position of the blades.
    [5]
    5.-PERFECTED MULTISALIDE SPRAYER according to any of the preceding claims characterized in that the spillway opening and closing means comprise at least one valve.
    [6]
    6.-PERFECTED MULTISALIDE SPRAYER according to claim 1 characterized in that the closure elements of the secondary nozzles act in synchronized manner in two or more secondary nozzles.
    [7]
    7.-PERFECTED MULTISALIDE SPRAYER according to claim 1 characterized in that the means for opening and closing the secondary nozzles are arranged in the ports.
    [8]
    8.-PERFECTED MULTISALIDE SPRAYER according to claim 1 characterized in that at least one secondary spillway (8) exists in a secondary nozzle (9).
    [9]
    9.-PERFECTED MULTISALIDE SPRAYER according to the preceding claim characterized in that a common flow regulation element (10) is associated with the particular spillway and the secondary nozzle.
    [10]
    10.-PERFECTED MULTISALIDE SPRAYER according to claim 1 characterized in that the spillway is a shared spillway and is disposed between the turbine (1) and the ports (7), preferably in the distributor (4).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
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    CN109068622A|2018-12-21|
    US10721924B2|2020-07-28|
    WO2017121915A1|2017-07-20|
    EP3403495A4|2019-09-25|
    ES2624178B1|2018-04-26|
    AU2017207954A1|2018-08-02|
    EP3403495A1|2018-11-21|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
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    法律状态:
    2018-04-26| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2624178 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B1 Effective date: 20180426 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201630019A|ES2624178B1|2016-01-12|2016-01-12|PERFECTED MULTISALIDE SPRAYER|ES201630019A| ES2624178B1|2016-01-12|2016-01-12|PERFECTED MULTISALIDE SPRAYER|
    US16/069,380| US10721924B2|2016-01-12|2017-01-11|Multi-outlet sprayer|
    AU2017207954A| AU2017207954A1|2016-01-12|2017-01-11|Improved multi-outlet sprayer|
    CN201780006320.XA| CN109068622A|2016-01-12|2017-01-11|Modified multiple exit sprayer|
    EP17738235.5A| EP3403495A4|2016-01-12|2017-01-11|Improved multi-outlet sprayer|
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